Florida braces for hurricanes with less federal support

Downed tree and blocked vehicle after hurricanes
A downed tree and blocked-in vehicle after hurricanes Helene and Milton in St. Pete Beach, Florida, on Oct. 11, 2024.
Tristan Wheelock/Bloomberg

With hurricane season coming for the Southeastern U.S., could a storm of the magnitude of Helene or Milton last year impact homeowners insurance risks the way wildfires have in California?

The possibility of widespread relocation is increasing in California. Florida's insurance markets could be in a better position to withstand disasters' impact spreading to its housing market, as Katherine Hempstead, senior policy advisor at the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and author of "Uncovered: The Story of Insurance in America," explains.

Florida has been "more open" to the surplus market and non-standard coverage, she said. Citizens Property Insurance Corporation is Florida's equivalent to California's FAIR Plan for homeowners who cannot get coverage from private carriers. In February, Florida's insurance regulator approved a rate increase for Citizens that was first proposed in 2024.

Katherine Hempstead of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Katherine Hempstead, senior policy advisor, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.

The state has worked to get homeowners off Citizens' rolls and onto private coverage. "Florida's tried really hard to keep risk off their Citizens program by just raising the rates, basically, and getting people to go back into the private market," Hempstead said.

However, federal budget cuts impact on FEMA and individual states could drop new burdens on states' insurance markets, Hempstead pointed out.

"The federal government's basically saying states should pay for disaster response," she said. "To the extent that's really the way things are going to be, that would really pique states' interest even more in trying to get a little bit more upstream about reducing losses – because it also puts them on the hook for dealing with more of the costs."

States can also mitigate hurricane risks through construction standards. By implementing Fortified, a construction standard set by the Insurance Institute for Business and Home Safety (IBHS), coastal homeowners in Alabama suffered less damage from Hurricane Sally in 2020, according to a May 2025 study by the University of Alabama's Center for Risk and Insurance Research.

"The additional cost of putting that standard in place was really not very high," Hempstead said of Alabama's efforts. "It seems like that's a winner."

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